Solar Desalination by Using Phase Change Material (PCM)
Author(s):
Maithem Hussein Rasheed
Affiliation(s):
Energy Engineering Department, College of Engineering/ Al-Mussaib, University of Babylon, Iraq.
Corresponding Author Email: [email protected]
This is an open access journal distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Estimating the growth of population and industrial development leads to demand of water resources. Water resources covered the one third of the earth, in these less than 1% is suitable for industrial and domestic uses. With rapid growth of population, industrial development leading to deforestation and declination of water. This leads to scarcity of drinking water for growth of population. To overcome the crisis an alternate solution is rain harvesting and desalination. Because of the climate change due to pollution rainfalls is decline year by year. The best solution of this crisis is the process of desalination. Direct and indirect methods are used for desalinate the sea water to the freshwater. Most of the methods like desalination, Multi stage flash distillation and reverse osmosis, are energy depended and consume electric power and fossil fuels. Demands water is more so supply should be less expensive, so solar desalination is better compared to conventional methods. The main objective of the proposed project is that by using free energy converting the saline water to the necessity water by using principle of the thermal and low-pressure vessels leads to change in latent heat and sensible heat. Possible outcome is to provide suitable combination to get better yield of drinking water from saline water. The efficiency of solar still varied for the beam radiation of 312.5 W/m2 to 925 W/m2. A maximum distilled yield is 1.5 to 2.2 L/day is obtained with 0.54 m2 area.